PAHINA (Paglinang Ng Aralin Tungo Sa Higit Na Kaalaman Sa Nakaraan): A Teacher-Crafted Supplementary Learning Resource Towards Enriched Learning in Araling Panlipunan 6

AUTHOR(S)

RIZA S. GUSTE

ABSTRACT

— This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Project PAHINA, a teacher-made learning resource innovation designed to address the lack of Araling Panlipunan (AP) books in Mayuro Elementary School, District of Rosario West, Schools Division of Batangas Province. The intervention provides structured lessons with guiding questions to deepen learners’ comprehension of historical and socio-cultural concepts. The study employed the One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design with purposive sampling of Grade VI pupils who struggled in AP due to the absence of adequate references. Pretest and posttest results were compared to measure the improvement in learners’ performance. Findings revealed that pupils’ AP achievement levels were low before the intervention but significantly improved after the use of Project PAHINA. This suggests that the booklet serves as a valuable supplementary material that supports independent and guided learning. The study recommends incorporating PAHINA into the School Improvement Plan (SIP) to ensure sustainability and replication across other grade levels. Keywords — Araling Panlipunan, booklet innovation, supplementary material, comprehension